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2-4 Structural Indicators on National
Economic and Social Development |
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(%) |
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Item |
1978 |
1989 |
1997 |
2005 |
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Population and Employment |
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Population |
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Urban and
Rural Structure |
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Urban |
17.9 |
26.2 |
31.9 |
43.0 |
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Rural |
82.1 |
73.8 |
68.1 |
57.0 |
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Sexual
Structure |
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Male |
51.5 |
51.6 |
51.1 |
51.5 |
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Female |
48.5 |
48.4 |
48.9 |
48.5 |
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Employment |
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Industrial
Structure |
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Primary Industry |
70.5 |
60.1 |
49.9 |
44.8 |
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Secondary Industry |
17.3 |
21.6 |
23.7 |
23.8 |
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Tertiary
Industry |
12.2 |
18.3 |
26.4 |
31.4 |
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Macro Economy |
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National
Accounting |
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Industrial
Structure |
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Primary Industry |
27.9 |
24.9 |
18.1 |
12.6 |
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Secondary Industry |
47.9 |
42.9 |
47.5 |
47.5 |
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Tertiary Industry |
24.2 |
32.2 |
34.4 |
39.9 |
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Investment in
Fixed Assets |
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Structure of
Total Investment in Fixed Assets |
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Urban |
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77.0 |
84.6 |
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Rural |
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23.0 |
15.4 |
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Structure of
Funded Sources |
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State Budget |
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8.3 |
2.8 |
4.4 |
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Domestic Loans |
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17.3 |
18.9 |
17.3 |
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Foreign Investment |
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6.6 |
10.6 |
4.2 |
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Self-raising Funds and Others Investment |
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67.8 |
67.7 |
74.1 |
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Government
Finance |
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Structure of
Government Revenue |
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Central Government |
15.5 |
30.9 |
48.9 |
52.3 |
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Local
Governments |
84.5 |
69.1 |
51.1 |
47.7 |
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Structure of
Government Expenditures |
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Central Government |
47.4 |
31.5 |
27.4 |
25.9 |
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Local Governments |
52.6 |
68.5 |
72.6 |
74.1 |
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Utilization
of Foreign Capital |
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Structure of
Foreign Capital Actually Utilized |
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Loans from Abroad |
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62.5 |
18.7 |
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Foreign Direct Investment |
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33.7 |
70.3 |
94.5 |
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Other Foreign Investment |
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3.8 |
11.1 |
5.5 |
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Energy |
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Structure of
Total Energy Production |
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Coal |
70.3 |
74.1 |
74.1 |
76.4 |
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Crude Oil |
23.7 |
19.3 |
17.3 |
12.6 |
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Natural Gas |
2.9 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
3.3 |
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Hydro-power, Nuclear Power, Wind Power |
3.1 |
4.6 |
6.5 |
7.7 |
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Structure of
Total Energy Consumption |
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Coal |
70.7 |
76.1 |
71.7 |
68.9 |
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Petroleum |
22.7 |
17.1 |
20.4 |
21.0 |
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Natural Gas |
3.2 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
2.9 |
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Hydro-power, Nuclear Power, Wind Power |
3.4 |
4.7 |
6.2 |
7.2 |
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Industry |
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Agriculture |
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Structure of
Gross Output Value of Agriculture |
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Farming |
80.0 |
62.8 |
58.2 |
49.7 |
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Forestry |
3.4 |
4.4 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
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Animal Husbandry |
15.0 |
27.6 |
28.8 |
33.7 |
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Fishery |
1.6 |
5.3 |
9.6 |
10.2 |
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Industry |
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Structure of
Capital of Industrial Enterprises |
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Large Enterprises |
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54.6 |
38.8 |
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Medium-sized Enterprises |
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15.3 |
34.2 |
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Small Enterprises |
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30.1 |
27.0 |
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Construction |
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Structure of Gross Output Value
of |
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Construction Industry |
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State-owned |
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68.5 |
49.6 |
24.4 |
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Collective-owned Enterprises |
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31.5 |
43.0 |
8.1 |
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Enterprises with
Funds from |
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0.7 |
0.5 |
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Foreign Funded
Enterprises |
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0.8 |
0.7 |
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Other
Enterprises |
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5.9 |
66.2 |
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Transportation |
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Structure of
Freight Traffic |
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Railways |
44.2 |
15.3 |
13.5 |
14.5 |
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Highways |
34.2 |
74.2 |
76.4 |
72.1 |
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Waterways |
17.4 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
11.8 |
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Civil Aviation |
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Pipelines |
4.2 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.7 |
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Domestic
Trade |
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Composition of
Retail Sales of Consumer Goods |
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Cities |
32.4 |
45.3 |
59.2 |
67.1 |
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Counties |
24.4 |
16.4 |
12.8 |
11.2 |
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Below Counties |
43.2 |
38.3 |
28.0 |
21.7 |
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Imports and
Exports of Goods |
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Structure of
Exports |
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Primary Goods |
53.5 |
28.7 |
13.1 |
6.4 |
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Manufactured Goods |
46.5 |
71.3 |
86.9 |
93.6 |
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Structure of
Imports |
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Primary Goods |
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19.9 |
20.1 |
22.4 |
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Manufactured Goods |
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80.1 |
79.9 |
77.6 |
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International
Tourism |
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Structure of
Tourists Visiting |
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Foreigners |
12.7 |
6.0 |
12.9 |
16.9 |
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Hong Kong and |
}86.3 |
}93.8 |
83.3 |
79.7 |
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3.7 |
3.4 |
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Financial
Intermediation |
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Structure of
Sources of Funds in Financial Institutions |
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Deposits |
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86.7 |
95.1 |
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Bonds |
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1.9 |
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Liability to International Financial Institutions |
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0.2 |
0.2 |
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Currency in Circulation |
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10.7 |
8.0 |
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Others |
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2.3 |
-5.1 |
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Structure of
Fund Uses in Financial Institutions |
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Loans |
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78.9 |
64.5 |
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Securities and Investment |
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3.9 |
11.6 |
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Capital in International Finance Institutions |
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0.6 |
0.3 |
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Position for Billion and Silver Purchase |
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14.2 |
0.1 |
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Position for Foreign Exchange |
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1.7 |
23.6 |
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Financial Debts |
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Education, Science and Culture |
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Education |
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Structure of
Student Enrollment in Regular Schools |
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College and University Students |
0.4 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
7.4 |
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Secondary School Students |
31.1 |
28.7 |
32.8 |
40.9 |
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Primary School Students |
68.5 |
70.1 |
65.7 |
51.7 |
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Structure of
Full-time Teachers in Regular Schools |
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Colleges and Universities |
2.4 |
4.2 |
3.9 |
8.5 |
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Secondary Schools |
37.6 |
36.6 |
40.3 |
42.1 |
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Primary Schools |
60.0 |
59.2 |
55.8 |
49.4 |
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Science and
Technology |
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Structure of
Funds for Scientific and |
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Technological Activities |
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Government Funds |
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26.2 |
23.1 |
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Enterprises Funds |
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44.6 |
65.5 |
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Loans from Banks |
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13.1 |
5.3 |
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Structure of
Internal Expenditures on Scientific |
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and Technological Activities |
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Service
Fees |
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19.9 |
21.4 |
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Purchases of Fixed Assets |
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27.5 |
29.5 |
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Research and Development Expenses |
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45.2 |
50.7 |
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People's Livelihood and Environment |
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People's
Livelihood |
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Consumption
Structure of Urban Residents |
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Food |
57.5 |
54.5 |
46.6 |
36.7 |
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Clothing |
13.6 |
12.3 |
12.5 |
10.1 |
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Residence |
}28.9 |
}33.2 |
9.4 |
10.2 |
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Articles
for Daily Use and Others |
31.5 |
43.0 |
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Consumption
Structure of Rural Residents |
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Food |
67.7 |
54.8 |
55.1 |
45.5 |
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Clothing |
12.7 |
8.3 |
6.8 |
5.8 |
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Residence |
10.3 |
19.7 |
14.4 |
14.5 |
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Articles for Daily Use and Others |
9.3 |
17.2 |
23.7 |
34.2 |
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Social
Welfare |
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Structure of
Retired and Resigned Persons |
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Retired Veterans |
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7.9 |
5.5 |
2.5 |
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Retired Persons |
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92.1 |
94.5 |
97.5 |
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Structure of
Insurance Contribution and Welfare |
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Funds of Retired and Resigned Persons |
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Pensions for Retired Veterans |
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8.0 |
5.4 |
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Pensions for Retired Persons |
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70.8 |
84.7 |
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Expenses for Medical Care |
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13.6 |
5.7 |
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Others |
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7.6 |
4.1 |
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Health Care |
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Doctors by
Types |
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Doctors |
41.9 |
45.1 |
45.1 |
43.5 |
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Nurses |
16.5 |
24.2 |
27.2 |
30.3 |
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Beds in Health
Agencies |
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Hospitals at City Level |
38.6 |
52.0 |
63.5 |
69.5 |
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Hospitals at |
61.4 |
48.0 |
36.5 |
30.5 |
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Environment
and Disasters |
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Structure of
Investment in the Treatment of |
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Industrial Pollution |
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Waste Water Treatment |
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62.5 |
29.2 |
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Waste Gas Treatment |
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24.7 |
46.5 |
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Solid Wastes Treatment |
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5.4 |
6.0 |
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Noise Abatement |
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0.7 |
0.7 |
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Others |
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6.7 |
17.6 |
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Structure of
Fire Losses Converted into Cash |
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Extraordinarily Serious Fires |
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23.7 |
5.7 |
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Serious Fires |
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14.5 |
8.0 |
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Ordinary Fires |
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61.8 |
86.3 |
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a)
Structure of capital of industry in 1997 are the
data in 1998. |
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b)
Before 1997, beds in health agencies referred to those in hospitals and
clinics. |
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